The Food And Beverage Management - 1506 Words

INTRODUCTION Food and beverage management is very significant function for each and every hospitality organization. The current research report focuses on the food and beverage operation management (Heizer and et al, 2009). The whole research report is based on case study of Queens Head restaurant and its food and beverage management. The current study includes the assessment of the operation system and its effectiveness for organization. Further, it focuses on the critical appraisal of the operation planning and implementation within the hospitality units. In addition, analysis of the financial and non-financial performance and recommendations for improving food and beverage management are also describing in the following paragraphs of†¦show more content†¦Careful selection of popular and well known food items and beverage such as standard pizzas, corn-on-the-cob, and banana splits and 10 sweet course items. It differentiates food and beverage products and services to its c ompetitors by offering the facility of â€Å"create your own pizza†. Operations of the restaurant focus on the quality and freshness. It introduces an excellent salad bar and a reasonable selection of wine and mineral water. Restaurant has right balance for both quick business lunch and pleasant evening meal. It provides special offers at the time of special events such as Christmas and New Year, etc. Effective training and development program for staff members which helps in managing the changes in menu, level of services. It focuses on cost reduction and sustainable development of the organization and regarding this, it reduces the cost of three-decker pizza for reducing the wastage of the electricity wastage. Appropriate organizational chart and menu list (Blanch, 2003). Weaknesses: Inappropriate uses of available resources such as two gas fired barbeques which are purchased at cost of  £7000 but have been used infrequently. Head chef and restaurant manager do not favour new ideas and any changes in operation. Restaurant of which is operated at Stirrups Brasserie has got only start up success but declinedShow MoreRelatedThe Food And Beverage Management1971 Words   |  8 Pagesto socialize and catch up. Every human being has to eat to be able to survive and have energy, everyone likes to enjoy their meal with some sort of beverage with accompanies with friends in an enjoyable atmosphere. Eating in restaurants is an excellent way to celebrate a special occasion with many people (Walker, 2008.). The food and beverage management in hotels is defined as the most compound areas of the hospitality industry this because of the variation of cuisine outlets in a hotel. There areRead MoreFood And Beverage Operations Management1050 Words   |  5 Pageste Diploma Food and Beverage Operations Management AMFO600 Assessment Two Case Study – Control Systems Semester One 2016 Lecturer: Roderick Turner Student name: Xiaochen Gong Student I.D.: 99138745 Submission date: Tuesday 31 May 2016Table of Contents 1. Executive summary 3 2. Introduction 4 3. Discussion 5 3.1. The objectives of the food and beverage control system 5 3.2. The relevant procedures of food and beverage control system 6 3.3. Control procedures, legislation and correct actionsRead MoreFood and Beverage Management Essay1633 Words   |  7 PagesInternational Food and Beverage Management 2208 HSL Individual Written Assignment Semester 1, 2009 Food and Beverage Management within the hotel industry has changed dramatically over the years. This can be seen through a number of measures, although only in more recent years, particularly in outsourcing. This essay will discuss the implications of outsourcing various elements of hotels’ food and beverage operations. ItRead MoreInternational Food and Beverage Management847 Words   |  4 PagesFrom a food and beverage managers perspective - What are the important characteristics and procedures of a food and beverage establishment in relation to its size, type, market, design, planning and organization? The importance of planning and designing procedures for a food and beverage establishment is essential for a successful establishment. Procedures are the cautions taken to ensure that the operation is running effectively and efficiently to meet demands of the customer, with an effectiveRead MoreFood And Beverage Operations Management1810 Words   |  8 PagesGraduate Diploma Food and Beverage Operations Management AMFO600 Assessment Two Case Study – Control Systems Semester One 2016 Lecturer: Roderick Turner Student name: Xiaochen Gong Student I.D.: 99138745 Submission date: Tuesday 31 May 2016Table of Contents 1. Executive summary 3 2. Introduction 4 3. Discussion 5 3.1. The objectives of the food and beverage control system 5 3.2. The relevant procedures of food and beverage control system 6 3.3. Control procedures, legislation and correctRead MoreHospitality Management Food and Beverage1285 Words   |  6 PagesProduct Characteristics Types of Menus What is a â€Å"Menu†? A menu is a document used to inform guests what is available on offer, clearly. In other words it is a list of food beverages available on sale. The list consists a description and the prices of such item offered. It is called a bill of fair in English and â€Å"Menu† in French. The variety in choice of Menus In smaller restaurants the choice of menu items offered is usually limited. Where as in high-class restaurants where theRead MoreFood And Beverage Industry : Supply Chain Management1123 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION: - Food and beverage industry today has become one of the most competitive industries in the world. Recognizing that supply chain management is a core strategy and achieving world class performance in this strategy by developing and managing supply chains that provide flexibility, response time and delivery performance that exceed the competition is a key to survival in the food and beverage industry. The largest production sectors of food industry are brewing, milling, baking, confectioneryRead MoreTrends in Food and Beverage Management Paper913 Words   |  4 PagesThe food and beverage manager job is to keep up with everything that pertains to our business. Trends and technology are the biggest aspects we deal with on a daily basis. Keeping up with the trends and the latest technologies keeps many businesses in business. Every company wants to offer the next big thing to get ahead of the competition. Some of the latest trends in the food and beverage industry are putting on the menu s the nutritional value of the food items, using local produce, modified casualRead MoreCustomer Experience Management At The Food And Beverage Staff1691 Words   |  7 Pages In any industry, it is important for food and beverage staff to share their experiences of service recovery. Service recovery is important in managing negative moments of truth to achieve high service standards. However, to achieve high service standards, effective communication and teamwork are competencies that all Food and Beverage attendants should possess. In addition, staff training programs can assist in ensuring that all staff members have these attributes to achieve high service standardsRead MoreOperations Management Of Food And Beverage Industry : Imporatance Of Financial Analysis1257 Words   |  6 PagesEffective Operations Management in Food and Beverage Industry: Imporatance of Financial Analysis ENTER A QUOTE HERE Operations management has been the most crucial part of a business since people starting trading goods and services. Operations management deals with the development, manufactoring and production of the goods and services which are then marketed and sold in the market for a profit. It involves and oversees the research and decelopment sectors all the way through production of the goods

Financial and Non-Financial Methods of Motivation Essay

Essays on Financial and Non-Financial Methods of Motivation Essay The paper "Financial and Non-Financial Methods of Motivation" is an outstanding example of an essay on finance and accounting. For centuries, companies have been using financial incentives to motivate employees. This method is still practiced and has proved its worth over the years; however, time never remains the same. The shape and operational style of organizations are changing. Corporate heads have started to realize that financial motivators are not that productive when the company is project-oriented and achieves its short term goals through group work. Individual financial incentives can be counterproductive in group work. In these fierce times of financial competition, it may be hard for the organization to spare extra cash for incentives. It is important to identify those tools that corporates can use to motivate employees and don’t involve finances.A fair wage for a fair day’s work is sufficient for employees to have an interest in their work. Holidays, breaks and chances of promotions can help motivate employees. Putting in more money to squeeze their greed juice won’t be helpful. This scenario can be explained through simple logic. Humans can never become robots. Non-financial motivators have their roots of reason in the logic that money can never be the only fuel to keep employees working. They need other incentives too that can include relaxing.Corporates need to make sure that all processes must be considered in making the product. It means that the workers will contribute and they will be aware of their contribution. This gives the employees a sense of achievement, and accomplishment that makes them more loyal to the company.   This is called the principle of closure (Chambers Gray, 2008).It might appear hard to believe but another motivational factor is the sense of responsibility itself. Employees knowing that they are responsible for their quality of work and no one is sitting at the end to check the quality, gives the m a sense of responsibility as well as authority. They will acknowledge that they are in charge and they need to make it work to the end. It’s like a small stake that every individual has in the company. Monotony can be the biggest hurdle in creating employee’s interest in work and the cure is to kill it. Adding variety to the tasks can be a very rewarding experience. Variety is very motivational, and to achieve this, job rotation and re-scheduling can be very helpful. Task variety, when fused with self-regulation, can be an exceptionally rewarding motivational factor.   Employees should have some form of freedom over their job, this could mean giving them the freedom to pace their work as they please or giving them the liberty to take brakes when they feel like and not on a scheduled basis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  However, on the other hand, financial motivators can also be very beneficial. The logic behind this notion is that workers see work as a means to an end which is their paycheck. If they get more of it, they will work more (as explained above, this is not always true). Many scientific theories support financial motivators. Financial rewards no matter how rewarding can sometimes prove counterproductive. For instance, when it comes to wages, employees get paid for ‘day’s work’ when in fact they are mostly idle after 3 pm. Some organizations have taken care of this system flaw by shifting to an ‘annualized work hours’ system. So employees get paid for the number of hours they work.In this case, it can be very beneficial to offer financial rewards to employees. The organization gets more hours worked and employees get extra money for it. This financial attraction can also be offered in piece rates where a commission is tied in every product produced. A more practical approach towards ‘motivators’ can be offering a choice to employees, a choice between financial or no financial motivators. For instance , if an employee is more interested in having time off from work (vacations) rather than a bonus, it would be unjust to hold them for additional work.The purpose of a reward system is to support the achievement of corporate objectives by motivating people to become part of the organization (Armstrong, 2002). Financial motivators don’t always come in the form of handing cash to employees, fringe benefits can also be a great way to motivate employees. The great thing about them is they are tax-free and can be a better substitute for cash (paying for medical expenses of an employee when they’re going under a surgery would mean a lot to employees).

Giuseppe Verdi Free Essays

Giuseppe Verdi was born on the 10th of October 1813 in Roncole of Busseto, Parma. Since Giuseppe was a young boy, he showed a lot of talent when it came it to music. When Giuseppe was 12, he worked for a shopkeeper in Busseto. We will write a custom essay sample on Giuseppe Verdi or any similar topic only for you Order Now There, he studied music with Ferdinando Provesi. In 1835, he married the shopkeeper’s daughter,Margherita Barezzi. She died, along with her two children, sometime between 1838 and 1840. The first opera Giuseppe wrote was called Oberto Conte di San Bonifacio , written in 1839. It was first performed at Scala Theatre on November 17th, 1839 with moderate success. His next play, Un Giorno Di Regno, was a failure. It was his first comedy, which was ironically written shortly after the death of his wife and children, whom he loved very much. Verdi’s first real success came in 1842 with Nabucco. Verdi was inspired to write this play after he read about the exile of Jews off their homeland. This made Verdi realize what a passion he had for his homeland, Italy. After this, Verdi’s plays became a symbol of Italian nationalism. Nabucco was first played at the Scala Theatre. Verdi had an affair with Giuseppina Strepponi, one of the actresses in his play,. for many years before they were finally married. Three of Verdi’s widely loved works, Rigoletto in 1851, Il Trovatore in 1853, and La Traviata, also in 1853 were big successes. Though the public loved these plays, critics did not like the themes of free love, suicide, and rape in his plays, which they deemed scandalous. In 1861, Verdi was elected as the Deputy of the First Parliament of the new nation of Italy. His play Otello premiered in 1887, along with Falstaff, his second attempt at a comedy. Giuseppe Verdi died in 1901 in Milan from a stroke. He died shortly after the completion of his Casa di Risposo, a retirement villa for poor artists. Many people attended his funeral. About a quarter of a million people went to mourn the death of this iconic Italian composer. Verdi was first buried in the Famedio temple in Milan next to his wife, but a month later their bodies were moved to the Casa Di Risposo. Verdi was known for being very modest and kind, not to mention a big influence in opera music. How to cite Giuseppe Verdi, Essay examples Giuseppe Verdi Free Essays Derek C. Zimmerman The Italian opera was at an ultimate high during the romantic period. Many composers came to life during this period and became some of the most prominent composers of all time. We will write a custom essay sample on Giuseppe Verdi or any similar topic only for you Order Now Giuseppe Verdi who was grown up into the opera was about to find out what famous looked like. Over five decades he demonstrated his commitment to drama and composed 28 operas and many were a huge hit. Nabucco(1841) and Rigoletto(1851), a couple of the most famous operas by Verdi, provide details of how the life of Verdi was like which made these operas such a hit. One goal is to be able to prove that Verdi, through the use of his operas, used his life experiences as a story guideline in his operas. The last goal is to provide detail on how sacrifice and atonement of forgiveness were a force in Rigoletto. The purpose of this article is to provide research and background about Giuseppe Verdi and how he was able to provide his knowledge and skill to compose some of the greatest operas known to this day. Verdi played a very big role in the composition of operas, especially throughout the romantic period. Redefining the ways the opera was displayed, Verdi mainly used his vigour and drama intelligence that distinguished his operas from others. However, well ordered Verdi changed the inflexible traditions of bel canto musical drama, which flaunted vocalists to the detriment of emotional esteems. Verdi’s virtuoso was to disassemble the framework while as yet giving the vocalists (and their gatherings of people) song and splendor in sufficient measure. The majority of this was in the administration of show, as Verdi constantly focused, and dramatization, as he saw it, rose up out of the association of individuals in striking, generally desperate circumstances.Beginning Years of Giuseppe Verdi Born on October 10, 1813 in Le Roncole, Italy, Giuseppe Verdi began his musical career in the very town that he was born. Verdi was born into the world by Carlo Giuseppe Verdi (1785 – 1867) and Luigia Uttini (1787 -1851). From age four and on, Giuseppe Verdi was given private lessons in Italian and Latin by the schoolmaster in the village, Don Pietro Baistrocchi, who then led Verdi to play the organ at the local church. By having Baistrocchi helping him study, Verdi was able to begin his professional career with music. According to Hussey and Kerman (2018), by the age of nine Verdi was standing in for his teacher (Don Pietro Biastrocchi) as the organist in the village church. (Hussey and Kerman, 2018). From 1832 – 1835, Verdi appeared to have adapted much about writing and legislative issues there and in addition antithesis and the components of the opera. Later, this was shown to be true because of the success of the opera Nabucco (1842). According to Hussey and Kerman (2018), â€Å"Nabucco succeeded as sensationally as Un giorno had failed abjectly, and Verdi at age 28 became the new hero of Italian music. The work sped across Italy and the whole world of opera; within a decade it had reached as far as St. Petersburg and Buenos Aires, Argentina. While its musical style is primitive by the composer’s later standards, Nabucco’s raw energy has kept it alive a century and a half later.† Verdi had taken a break briefly from composing due to tragedies in his life. According to Gregorio (2017), â€Å"his two children, Virginia and Icilio, died in 1838 and 1839, respectively, followed by his wife, Margherita, in 1840.† These tragedies definitely played a big toll on Verdi’s life as he dealt with heavy depression. These issues made it very hard for Verdi to compose of operas. After a year of composing nothing, Verdi finally came out of his shell and provided Nabucco to the world in 1842. In Nabucco, Verdi was able to put these tragedies to use and show in the opera how Nabucco was struck by lightning and lost most consciousness and have memory issues. Some had thought that Nabucco was dealing with some sort of delirium. According to Cambioli et al. (2017), â€Å"Furthermore, the representation of Nabucco’s mental illness in the opera could also have been influenced by direct experiences of Verdi himself, who seems to have suffered from recurrent depressive episodes in that period, and for the rest of his life.† (Cambioli et al. pg. 180) The Early Mid Years of Giuseppe VerdiThe new extravagance and profundity of Verdi’s musico-sensational portrayal in these years, particularly however not only of ladies, may have created out of his association with his new wife Strepponi. She is frequently evoked regarding the thoughtful and brilliant depiction of Violetta in La Traviata (1853). The tunes were superior to anything any he had composed previously, the dramatization more tightly and all the more energizing, and the portrayal through and through unique. Rigoletto makes a critical specialized progress toward a sound introduction of the show in music, particularly in the acclaimed third act; there is less qualification between the recitatives (the parts of the score that convey the plot forward in impersonation of discourse), which incline toward arioso (melodic, verse quality), and the arias, which are dealt with less formally and dovetailed into their environment, once in a while subtly. (Hussey and Kerman, 2018). Rigoletto, being one of the most famous operas of Verdi’s, communicated much differently than the other operas composed by Verdi. According to Forney, Machlis, DellAntonio, â€Å"The epitome of Romantic drama and passion, Verdi’s music for Rigoletto communicates each dramatic situation with profound emotion. A play by Victor Hugo, an acknowledged leader of French Romanticism, was Verdi’s source of inspiration.† (Forney, Machlis, DellAntonio, 2015) Analysis of RigolettoAfter the atmospheric prelude or short melodic prologue to the musical drama (does some other arranger do as such much to set up a passionate domain with so few notes?), we hear party music — dance music that is apparently commonplace and ailing in nuance. It couldn’t be more unique in relation to the music of the prelude and is relatively stunning in its specific situation. What’s more, it is surely not what a mid-nineteenth century gathering of people part ought to have expected toward the start of a shocking musical drama. Be that as it may, Verdi’s expectation is completely clear: he needs us to quickly understand the indecent and licentious nature of the Duke’s court with music as crude and foul as the court and its ruler. We come to find out towards the end of the opera that forgiveness becomes a factor due to the crude and foul behavior by the Duke (D’Costa, ; Pecknold, 2013). As opposed to have the vocalists showcase the expected decrepit quality (something that would have been unthinkable in Verdi’s day), the author drives the group of onlookers’ creative energy into making the fitting climate by making music profoundly suggestive out of an irreverent social affair of blue-blooded gathering goers. Overlaying this sensible gathering music are the principal expressions of the artists, an obscene discussion between the Duke and Borsa, one of his subjects, about the Duke’s most recent successes. This sort of discussion would typically have been dealt with (surely by any number of other Italian arrangers of Verdi’s opportunity) by more customary recitative. Be that as it may, Verdi love seats the discussion with regards to arrange music went with, under typical conditions, by a little band of instrumentalists in the wings or behind the landscape. Along these lines the writer gives the impression of a genuine gathering going ahead progressively directly in front of us. Verdi’s nineteenth century group of onlookers, at that point, turned out to be a piece of the scene and was conveyed substantially nearer to the stage occasions. The change from the dance music to the primary number joined by the pit ensemble happens consistently as the violins enter in jumping octaves toward the beginning of Questa o quella, the tenor’s first aria (MetropolitanOpera, 2013). These initial three or four minutes of Rigoletto may not appear to be so unordinary to us now, inclined as we are to hear this well-known music after somewhere in the range of 150 years of colleague with it. Be that as it may, contrast it and a portion of the more radiant minutes from this score (the Rigoletto/Gilda two part harmony from Act II or the renowned Act IV group of four, Bella figlia) and we get the point rather rapidly: this score is a long way from uneven, Verdi is basically throwing his music to perfectly fit the sensational circumstance. How about we go somewhat more distant in attempting to comprehend Verdi’s melodic portrayal. Notice that the tenor’s performance music is the greater part of a self-assured, glaringly tuneful nature. Questa o quella, Parmi veder le lagrime and La donna à ¨ versatile are for the most part precisely figured to convey the character of the Duke, whom we know to be a shallow, vain man whose primary intrigue isn’t such a great amount of included with statecraft as it is in plotting his next loving success. We likewise realize that his Renaissance court is absolutist; he is a tyrant dug in the old monarchical framework whose retainers and subjects are under his total and direct expert. These sorts of political frameworks are, by nature, profoundly preservationist. It ought not shock us that, in spite of the fact that Rigoletto is an extremely test musical show for Verdi, there are more seasoned, more customary operatic structures still present: they are to be found in the music of the Duke, or in music with which he is included. The Duke has, for example, the main twofold aria (Act II’s Parmi veder le lagrime being the moderate cavatina, and Possente love the imperative cabaletta) and the main strophic arias (Questa o quella and La donna à ¨ portable) in the whole score. (MetropolitanOpera, 2013).In any case, the genuine test operatically, drastically and musically is to be found in the character of Rigoletto himself. The entertainer at the focal point of Victor Hugo’s play Le return on initial capital investment s’amuse was only the confounded, unordinary and abnormal character that Verdi was searching for at the time. With a character delivered from a maturation of doubt, cunning, distrustfulness and fatherly love, Verdi had a creation ready for the new sort of musical drama that he wanted most importantly to make. To the psyche of an average nineteenth century devotee, Rigoletto’s first solo expression more likely than not appeared to be exceptionally interesting to be sure, as he would without a doubt have expected right now a twofold aria or even an unadulterated recitative driving us into the two part harmony with his little girl. Rigoletto’s character is dealt with comparatively all through the whole work. Subsequently, with every one of his defects, he seems to be a standout amongst the most human characters in all nineteenth century Italian musical drama. How to cite Giuseppe Verdi, Papers

Individual Creating A Business Opportunity â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Individual Creating Such A Business Opportunity? Answer: Introduction Entrepreneurship is a process through which an individual can design, launch and run a new business. The individual creating such a business opportunity is called as an entrepreneur. The term typically focuses on the launching and running a business. Running a business involves lot of risk in an initial stage. For gaining market competency, it is important for a business enterprise to be aware about the booming industry. This will allow the business to grow in a multi-dimensional way. The following proposal reviews the fast-food business future prospect in Australia (Drucker, 2014). It further distributes the sustainable objectives that are important for a business organization in dealing with the issue. An individual can gain sustainable objectives by developing concrete goals. It is important to form an effective alliance by gaining competitive advantage. This will allow the business organization to gain a competitive advantage by understanding the market requirement. The restauran t industry in Australia is doing extremely well. They can only gain a competitive advantage by understanding the market requirements and functioning accordingly (Kirzner, 2015). The business organization needs to enter into the marketing by understanding the growing business prospect. It is widely recommended that the business organization need to deploy effectiveness through an effective framework. It will allow the business to manage the future challenges and gain appropriateness. In a long run, it is important for a business organization to develop effectiveness through different business techniques. It is advantageous for the business in gaining a competitive advantage (Kuratko, 2016). Brief description of the industry and market In the recent time, the Consumer health awareness has transformed the Fast Food Services industry. The overall Industry demand has been affected by augmented awareness about the nutritional content of fast food. People are turning towards the healthy options due to increased awareness. Industry operators have countered by bringing in a range of healthier, premium choices with less fat, sugar and salt. The change in consumer fondness has led to an invasion of new operators contributing higher quality fast-food options. The overall participation in the fast food industry has gone up combining with rising prices as demand for premium products has increased. It is expected that the drive for revenue growth will increase by 3.0% over 2016-17. The Revenue is predicted to increase by an annualised 3.9%. Fast Food Services industry is presently at the mature phase of its life cycle. The forecasted post annualised growth is expected to be 2.3% over the 10 years through 2021-22, while comparin g it with an annualised rise in Australian GDP of 2.5%. There is a slight deficit of the wider economy over the 10-year period. There is a continuous demand for the healthy food options; however the overall deficit has been determined by weaker revenue development and strong opposition from external sources. There is a serious competition in the industry from supermarkets, restaurants and convenience stores (IBIS WORLD 2017). Following are the products provided by the entrepreneur in the fast food industry: Burgers Pizza Chicken-based fast food Sandwiches, salads and juices Desserts and confectionery Other fast food Type or Entrepreneurship The type of Entrepreneurship depends upon many factors like availability of fund, and deriving the capabilities according to the type of venture an individual is making. Independent, Family, Corporate and Franchise are the four type of entrepreneurial venture in todays business context. In order to make a successful growth, it is necessary for a business organization to develop concrete objectives that will help him in adding sustainable growth and development. In the current context, it is important for a business organization to develop a business venture through an effective procedure. This will allow the organization in managing the business in an effective way. The success of a venture resides on number of factors like human, financial and material resources. These factors accompany in making an effective business organization. . Independent business organization is the one who takes all the decision in the organization pertaining to the business. All the major decisions are tak en by the entity (Schaper, Volery, Weber and Gibson, 2014). The corporation is a business organization established to gain effectiveness. It is a form of business operation that states that the business is a separate, legal entity directed by a group of people known as board of directors. A Family business is the one carried out by the people in a family from years. The business is carried forward by the future generation. This allow in gaining sustainable objectives and attaining longevity (Baum, Frese and Baron, 2014). Franchising is a business which provides right to use a firm's business model and brand for an agreed time-period. It is one of the finest models for the fast food restaurant industry. There are international food-chains that can easily be established through an effective franchising model. The model helps in integrating the function in the most effective way. Majority of fast-food chains are based on the franchising model. This model is effective in gaining market potential and to deliberately gain concrete market objectives. Depending upon the current market opportunity and growth, it is important for the business enterprise to develop an effective entrepreneurial venture in order to manage the business (Bhachu, 2017). Benefits and drawbacks of each of the four options Independent, Family, Corporate and Franchise Business Venture Benefits Drawback Independent The sole proprietor takes all the major decision related to the business. There is no external intervention to the business. All the decision regarding the sale or transfer takes place at the judgment of the business-man. No corporation tax payments Negligible legal costs to establish a business organization (Scott, 2006). Fewer business requirements The individual is held personally liable for the debts and obligation of the business. The risk pertaining to the business extends to him individually All responsibilities and business decisions depend upon the individual. There are fewer investors in the business organization (Szirmai, Naud and Goedhuys, 2011). Corporation Shareholders are not liable for any debts or for the decision handed down against the corporation. The Shareholders are responsible to the extent of their equity in the corporation. More funds can be raised by selling shares in the corporation. They may deduct extra benefits it provides to employees and officers. In order to form a corporation, more time and money is required than any other business structure. The government agencies monitor corporations on a regular basis. The Corporate profits are liable to higher overall taxes as the government taxes profits at the corporate level. In addition, a corporation might not presume any dividends paid to the shareholders (ACS and Audretsch, 2005). Family Stability: The Family business are more stable and typically determines the business is known for the longevity in leadership, resulting in constancy within the organization Commitment: The business organization meets all the pre-requisites that make the business more committed and accountable (Wu and Huarng, 2015). Flexibility: The business is flexible enough to meet the expectations of an individual. An individual can work in his own way. Long-term Outlook: The business runs for a longer time-period in order to meet goals. Decreased Cost: The family members work at their will and contribute their finances to guarantee long?term success of the organization (Tidd and Bessant, 2015). Family Conflict: there can be a Conflict in between the members resulting in disturbances. This may affect the family relationships, and the type of disapproval that comes with familiarity. Unstructured Governance: There are disturbance in the organization due to Governance issues such as internal hierarchies and rules. The business organization takes an inability to follow and adhere to external corporate laws that tend to be taken less seriously at family businesses. This affect the business against the trust inherent at family firms Nepotism:Some of the family businesses are unenthusiastic to let outsiders into the top tier, This affect the business organization and result in balancing skills, education, or experience Succession Planning: In the absence of a succession plan it is difficult for the business organization to gain effective leadership. The family business might fail due to unavailability of a succession plan. It is important for a business organization to put-forward a plan in order to gain success. It is important to manage the business organization. Franchising It is one of the most effective way through which an international business organization enter into the market. This reduces the risk of business failure. The business is already based on the proven idea that decreases the futuristic loss. Products and services are already established in market. Consequently there is no need to do market testing. A recognized brand name and trade mark will benefit the business organization through advertising or promotion. The franchisor supports the business that includes training, help setting up the business etc. No prior experience is required to operate the franchise. In this way the small business can compete with big businesses, due to the pool of support from the franchisor. One can enjoy the exchange rights in their territory. The franchisor won't trade any other franchises in the same location. Financing the business is easier. The financial institutions are more expected to lend money to buy a franchise. One can get benefit from communicating and sharing ideas and receiving support the network. Relationships with suppliers can easily be established in this business structure. The cost may be higher than expected. The initial cost of buying a franchising is higher that is difficult for an individual to manage. The franchise agreement includes restrictions that might affect an easy flow of business. The franchisor continuously overview the business due to his intrusive nature. The franchisor goes out of business (Hagen, Denicolai and Zucchella, 2014). Other franchisees may affect the brand reputation. It is difficult to sell franchise and can sell it to someone accepted by the franchisor. All profits are usually shared with the franchisor. The rigid nature of a franchise restricts capability to develop changes to the business. This will help me in managing the business in the most appropriate way by developing the business. Benefits and drawbacks of buying an existing business compared to starting one from scratch In order to start a business organization it is important to manage the operations in case of organizing a business. It is tough for an individual too start a business from scratch. For that purpose it is necessary to collect the resources and to execute the plan accordingly. If an individual wants to establish a new business he has to make sure that he has enough resources. It is important, for managing a business enterprise it is evident to arrange the resources in the most appropriate way (Link, 2017). The business organization strengths and weakness depend upon the utilization of the different factors. While starting a business from a scratch it, is tough to deploy all the resources in an effective way. People might find difficulty in managing the resources from scratch. They have to invest time on every peculiar object in the organization. This creates a mess for an individual who is planning to invest in the business for the future prospect. It is important for an individual to meet the future contingencies all alone. This will create problem for an individual to proceed with in a better way (Mitra, 2013). In case of an established business it is easy for an individual to move forward. The resources are available easily leading to easiness in conducting a business. For a business organization it is important to manage the resources in an appropriate way, any scarcity of resources can lead to business failure. For the restaurant business it is recommended to buy a new business from a scratch. This will help in adding creative idea into the business organization. In this way the business can gain a competitive advantage over other. By developing effective changes into the business, it is easy to gain economies of scale. The purpose of a business organization is to meet the objectives by deriving long term goals. A business organization can only survive, if it has added some competitive advantage to their business. The new venture should manage the business by adding creative idea that stimulates the business process. This will be helpful for a business organization in order to derive goals (Lee, Hallak and Sardeshmukh, 2016). Recommendations Hence, it is important for an individual to implement an effective business model tool. This tool will help in growth of the business. Effectiveness in a business can only be derived if the business has as vision. It is recommended to enter through a franchisee. This allows the business organization to grow in a diversified way and to use resources in a better way. The change in consumer fondness has led to an invasion of new operators contributing higher quality fast-food options. The overall participation in the fast food industry has gone up combining with rising prices as demand for premium products has increased. This is creating an overall impact on the business process. In order to manage the business in a better way, it is recommended to manage the resources for the purpose of franchising. This process allows an individual to develop a business enterprise in a well organized way. Depending upon the current market opportunity and growth, it is important for the business enterp rise to develop an effective entrepreneurial venture in order to manage the business. This is important for a business to develop the resources in an effective way. The purpose should be to gain a profit in order to remain competitive in the market. The purpose of the business organization is to manage the changes and to be a pioneer. Franchising model helps in integrating the function in the most effective way. Majority of fast-food chains are based on the franchising model. This model is effective in gaining market potential and to deliberately gain concrete market objectives. Conclusion To Conclude, It is evident for a business organization to derive the policies keeping in mind the growing necessity. The structure of the business should be focused on growth and development. One can attain the concrete objectives by deriving effectiveness at work. It is important to manage the ongoing challenges and to gain competitiveness. An individual can gain sustainable objectives by developing concrete goals. It is important to form an effective alliance by gaining competitive advantage. This will allow the business organization to gain a competitive advantage by understanding the market requirement. For a business enterprise it is necessary to choose a better model. References Acs, Z.J. and Audretsch, D.B., 2005. Entrepreneurship, innovation and technological change.Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship,1(4), pp.149-195. Baum, J.R., Frese, M. and Baron, R.A. eds., 2014.The psychology of entrepreneurship. Psychology Press. Bhachu, P. ed., 2017.Immigration and entrepreneurship: culture, capital, and ethnic networks. Routledge. Drucker, P., 2014.Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. Hagen, B., Denicolai, S. and Zucchella, A., 2014. International entrepreneurship at the crossroads between innovation and internationalization.Journal of International Entrepreneurship,12(2), pp.111-114. IBIS WORLD 2017, Fast Food Services in Australia. Online. Availabe at: https://www.ibisworld.com.au/industry-trends/market-research-reports/accommodation-food-services/fast-food-services.html Accessed on: 10 September 2017 Kirzner, I.M., 2015.Competition and entrepreneurship. University of Chicago press. Kuratko, D.F., 2016.Entrepreneurship: Theory, process, and practice. Cengage Learning. Lee, C., Hallak, R. and Sardeshmukh, S.R., 2016. Innovation, entrepreneurship, and restaurant performance: a higher-order structural model.Tourism Management,53, pp.215-228. Link, A.N., 2017. Ideation, entrepreneurship, and innovation.Small Business Economics,48(2), pp.279-285. Mitra, J., 2013.Entrepreneurship, innovation and regional development: an introduction. Routledge. Schaper, M.T., Volery, T., Weber, P.C. and Gibson, B., 2014.Entrepreneurship and small business. Scott, A.J., 2006. Entrepreneurship, innovation and industrial development: geography and the creative field revisited.Small business economics,26(1), pp.1-24. Szirmai, A., Naud, W. and Goedhuys, M. eds., 2011.Entrepreneurship, innovation, and economic development. Oxford University Press. Tidd, J. and Bessant, J., 2015.Innovation and entrepreneurship(No. 3). Wiley. Wu, C.W. and Huarng, K.H., 2015. Global entrepreneurship and innovation in management

The marketing strategies of Sony and Samsung

Executive summary This paper examines the marketing strategies employed by two electronic companies Sony and Samsung. The industry background gives an overview of the electronics industry in terns of market segment and regional stakeholders in manufacturing. Both companies background are summarised and an insight about their areas of operations and size of their businesses in terms of sales and product development is given.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The marketing strategies of Sony and Samsung specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More An analysis on strategic marketing and planning on both companies follows with a somewhat in-depth analysis of macro and micro environmental factor such as competition and economic factors being tackled. There is a SWOT analysis on each company highlighting their strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats based on their operations and positions in different markets. Additionally there is an analysis on target marketing, segmentation and position generally and as applied to each company. Finally, there are recommendations on the way forward for the companies and those that deal in the same products. Introduction The 21st century has been characterised by unprecedented advances in technology. The global electronic industry is so dynamic to an extent that technologies become â€Å"obsolete† even before they penetrate all the market segments that they were initially meant for. American and Japanese had for a long time dominated the global technology sector. However, companies from rising economies such as China and Korea have perfected the technologies that exist while coming up with innovative electronic products. The result has been increased competition and saturation of the market that has seen technology pioneers like Hewlet Packard pushed from the top spot. To compete for and maintain the market niches, companies have had to come up with innovativ e marketing ways that in order to ensure long-term market survival. This paper will analyse marketing theory and practice as applied today through a comparison of two electronic companies; Sony and Samsung. There will be in-depth analysis on the ways the two companies have integrated marketing theory with company activities to curve new market niches while maintaining current ones the backdrop of increased competition globally. The Samsung group of companies is among the largest electronics corporations that has a global consumer base and numerous affiliate businesses. Since its first investment initiative in 1939, the company has transcended various industries in search of an effective and market aggressive industry. The electronics initiative came in late 1960s with several related branches in electronic devises mechanics and telecommunication devices.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Sony Corporation on the other hand is a conglomerate of several media and electronic companies that specialize in the electronic business unit and the entertainment industry as a whole. Since the 1945 initiative following the invention of the transistor the company has diversified its investments it both mechanical and telecommunication sub segments (Chang, 2011, 90). Industry background The global electronic industry is vibrant with a growth rate matched by only a few sectors. In 2008, the industry was estimated to be worth 1.2 trillion Euros. The world production per application sector in the industry by the same year included 6% for home appliances, 15% for audio video, 23% for data processing, 25% for telecoms, 7% for aerospace and defence, 8% for automotive and 16% for industrial and mechanical. In terms of world production per region, china was ranked the highest with 27%, followed by Europe with 21%, North America with 20%, other Asia Pacific with 15%, Japan with 13% and the rest of the world with 4% (Drummond, et al. 2007, p. 67). The above figures are represented in a graphical format below. World production per application sector Source: Sony Vs Samsung: The Inside Story of the Electronics Giants. London: Mcmillan Publishers. Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The marketing strategies of Sony and Samsung specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More World production per region 2008 Source: Sony Vs Samsung: The Inside Story of the Electronics Giants. London: McMillan Publishers. The industry like any other has been affected by the global financial crisis through financial instability in terms of currency fluctuation and the credit crunch. There is also growing competition from China whose products are perceived by consumers to be affordable compared to any other in the world. Company background Sony Corporation is part of the world’s fifth largest media conglomerate Son y Group with total assets worth over $86billion and headquartered in Minato Japan. Sony Group operates six business segments including consumer products and services group, financial services, music and picture, professional and Sony Ericsson which the cell phone unit of the group. The group is also involved in financial and internet services. The group has manufacturing and operations network serving the world market. According to (Chang, 2011, 78), almost half of the company’s annual production takes place in Japan. Computers, digital cameras, television sets and memory sticks are among the products manufactured in Japan. It’s important to note that over 60% of all the production that took place in Japan was destined for other regional markets worldwide. The rest of Asia excluding China and Japan, Europe and Americas accounted for slightly over 35% in annual production. The graph below shows the total annual sales and distribution by geographical regions in the year 2009. Sales and distribution in 2009 (sales in 000,000)Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Source: Sony Vs Samsung: The Inside Story of the Electronics Giants. London: Mcmillan Publishers. Samsung on the other hand is a conglomerate like Sony Group but headquartered in Samsung Town in Seoul South Korea. The multinational conglomerate operates a series of affiliated business touching on industries such as electronics, ship building and engineering, insurance and hospitality. However, Samsung is known more for its electronic products which include the cell phones and television sets, smart phones, home appliances, slimmer panels and 3D experience. In the year 2010, the company posted a net income of $13 billion. The table below shows some of the company’s electronic products and market share. Product Global Market share % DRAM 40.4 Digital Camera 11.8 LCD Monitor 18.0 Hard Disk Drive 9.0 Television sets (LDC, PDP, CRT, LED) 17.2 Cellphones 21.0 Lithium-ion Battery 18.7 Source: Chang, S. (2011). Sony Vs Samsung: The Inside Story of the Electronics Giants. London: Mcmillan Publishers. Strategic marketing and planning Both companies fall belong to the category of multinational corporations. In there level strategic marketing and planning must incorporate the elements of hierarchical or enterprise strategy. The hierarchical structure incorporates the corporate level, business unit level and the functional or departmental levels of enterprise strategy. Both companies display a highly defined corporate hierarchical structure that is very specific and that is aimed at dealing with prevailing market competition. Microenvironment forces The technology industry in which Samsung and Sony Operate in is competitive and only innovative marketing can guarantee long-term survival. Marketing of the electronic products produced by both companies is shaped by demographics, economic and political factors. In demographic factors, the companies have to consider the demographic trends of the target markets they want to venture into. The size, dens ity, location, gender and occupations of the target markets affect the marketing of electronic products. For instance, the gadgets like the Samsung Galaxy tab can only be marketed to young people and people in business. It’s highly unlikely that older people say baby boomers are likely to buy the product. Additionally, different sections of the population have different occupations which dictate their income and way of life. People in business are likely to buy the Galaxy tab compared to farmers. While marketing, the companies consider the economic factor which more or less refers to the economic strength of the target market. Further to that marketing managers of the two companies will likely consider the purchasing power of the people in potential markets. For instance the gadgets are likely to do better in the US, Europe and Japan and some parts of Asia owing to the high purchasing power of their populations. Furthermore, the above markets are more industrialised unlike se ctions of the developing world where the populations still practice subsistence economy. The above conditions dictate how people spend their money which in turn influences marketing decisions of the electronic companies. Political forces include all government policies and legislations that regulate business transactions in particular territory. In some territories, some gadgets which may be manufactured by the above electronic companies may not be sold to some sections of the population. Additionally, different governments have different policies for instance on taxation which may affect pricing of electronic gadgets. The marketing of both the Sony Bravia KDL-40W4000 LCD TV and the Samsung LE40A656 LCD TV can be affected by the above factors. Microenvironment forces These are the internal forces that affect the marketing of the electronic companies above. They are forces that the companies can easily alter to suit their marketing approaches (Wilson, S. Gilliga, 2005, p. 88). Both Sony and Samsung have diverse ranges of products that are much differentiated. Though they are both located in Asia, some microenvironment forces under which they operate dictate their marketing approaches that are unique in their own ways. This section will analyse both companies in relation to competition, consumer bases and market intermediaries. Competition is a big factor in marketing of electronics. The intensity of the competition determines the amount of resources and tactics used. Despite Samsung’s success in producing LCD panels, it faces competition from Sony and more closely LG, another Korean electronics maker. In 2008 fro instance, LG had a market share of 25.8% compared to 26.2% of Samsung in the same year. Sony Bravia is currently the top selling LCD television brand in the US. However, it faces growing competition form Samsung and LG which have the majority global market share. Another factor that influences the marketing approaches of the two companies has b een the consumer bases. In their marketing the companies have concentrated on reinforcing the value of their products to the consumers. The assumption among the electronics makers has been that the skinny the TV is the more appealing it is to consumers. In 2009, Sony fronted the Bravia to the consumers as the world’s skinniest TV in an apparent challenge to Samsung and JVC’s models that were skinnier. Since then the competition between the two has shifted to picture quality and visual characteristics like 3D images that consumers value more. Both Sony and Samsung have adapted different marketing approaches as far as market intermediaries are concerned. Market intermediaries’ help in product penetration where the company is unlikely to achieve its targets in the short tem were it to do it alone. Sony has been the market longer than Samsung and has therefore managed to establish a wider network of regional offices that spearhead marketing compared to Samsung. Thou gh Samsung is adopting the same approach, it has a large network of intermediaries who aid in its marketing. Swot Analysis Sony has dominated the electronics industry for a long time. Samsung has however matched the innovation and marketing strategies of the Japanese rival by exploiting its competitor’s weaknesses. A swot analysis of both companies puts into perspective the position they are in right now. In terms of strengths Sony has a diversified business operations machine that guarantees stable revenue. Additionally, it has a strong brand that has played a crucial role in its gaining acceptance. Furthermore, it has a diversified client base spanning many geographical places effectively reducing business risks. In terms of opportunities, the company has undertaken reorganization, which is likely to contribute to its savings. Also, there has been a focus on emerging economies which is likely to contribute to long-term growth of the company. The partnership with FIFA is ano ther opportunity if well utilised will enhance corporate value. The company experiences weaknesses in the high cost of manufacturing that in the long-run will lead to lower margins. The threats to its progress include the unstable international exchange rates that may affect its margins and the long-lasting impacts of the economic slowdown. Samsung on the other hand has a very strong advantage when it comes to technology. The company’s investment in advanced technology has enabled it crush competition from market leaders. Additionally, its investment in human resources and product design also form part of its strengths. Samsung has however not created niche markets like its rival Sony Corp. Its target on the mass market and the low pricing strategy can be considered a weakness because customers are likely to consider them low quality. Furthermore, some of the company’s products have been reviewed as not being user friendly. There are however many opportunities the comp any can exploit. The company has a head start in the mobile telephony through the introduction of low priced and user friendly cell phones. Further variation of its products is also another opportunity that Samsung can exploit to increase its market share. The biggest threat the company is facing is competition from other electronic manufacturers like Sony and LG, and Panasonic and Nokia. Market segmentation Effective marketing takes into account different segmentation variables when dividing the market into target segments (Reed, 2006, p. 43). There may be many segments depending on the nature of the market and the products on offer. However, the most common variables include benefit variable and demographic variable. Benefit variable deal with the needs and benefits expected by customers. Demographic variables on the other hand define the characteristics of the target customers and potential clients. Variables like gender, age and occupation are critical in market segmentation. So ny and Samsung have numerous products that are suited for different markets based on their use and need. In terms of the market segments the products under discussion from both companies are targeted at the same markets. The Sony Brava KDL-40W4000 LCD TV and the Samsung LE40A656 LCD TV are both targeted at middle class and high end customers in the regions where the two companies operate. Target Markets Both the Sony Brava KDL-40W4000 LCD TV and the Samsung LE40A656 LCD TV are targeted at the upper middle class and upper class signets of the population in the areas where the two companies operate. Also targeted, are working male and female consumers, men and women in their late twenties and seniors. They above groups are the only ones likely to afford the prices imposed on the products. The above characteristics fit into the variables that were discussed earlier as shown in the table below. Variable Characteristics Demographic Males (mostly), seniors, high end families, young p eople from their 20’s, Benefits High spending, varied in taste, stable income Targeting strategy Targeting strategies can be classified as differentiated, undifferentiated and concentrated (Palley, 2000, p. 54). Differentiated targeting strategies include different promotional messages each conveying different product benefits. Undifferentiated targeting strategies on the other hand involve sending of one promotional message to about the benefits of the product to the market. Concentrated targeting strategies on their part carry messages that communicate product benefits to specific segments of the consumer base. Many businesses choose a target strategy based on the benefits they expect from the market, the market segment they are tying to reach and the costs of the passing the message to the target market. Sony Corp. uses all the above targeting strategies because compared to Samsung; it has curved clear market niches. Samsung on the other hand mostly uses differentiate d targeting because its marketing mostly targets the mass market. Samsung is yet to carve its niche market hence the need for concentrated targeting is low. Positioning strategy In the market, different companies use different positioning strategies. They include, price and quality, use or application of the product, product class, competitors (McDonald Wilson, 2011, p. 90). In product attributes, business use one or few of the products attributes through which they popularise it to the consumers. In pricing and quality, companies use varying prices and qualities to attract different classes of consumers. The quality can be superior or lower quality both of which will cost differently. The use or application on the other is used when companies position their products to suit the habits and chores that the target population engages in. in competitor positioning, some companies engage in direct and purposeful comparison of their products to similar ones in the market to gain entry. S amsung has engaged in the pricing positioning where its products including the Samsung LE40A656 LCD TV are low costing compared to similar products from Sony. Both firms have however perfected the quality positioning strategy where every time they emphasise every little modification that adds to the comfort that consumers are interested. Recommendations Given the dynamism in the electronic technology, companies are only assured of survival through investment in research and technology. There is need to focus on diversification because there are all indications that gadgets market may be saturated given the fast development of electronic products. References Chang, S. (2011). Sony Vs Samsung: The Inside Story of the Electronics Giants. London: McMillan Publishers. McDonald, M. Wilson, H. (2011). Marketing Plans: How to Prepare Them, How to Use Them. NY: Infobase Publications. Palley, N. (2000). How to develop a strategic marketing plan: a step by step guide. NY: McGraw Hill. Reed, P. (2006). Strategic Marketing Planning. London: Sage Publications. Wilson, S. Gilliga, C. (2005). Strategic marketing management: planning, implementation and control. NY: Jones Bartlette Publishers. This report on The marketing strategies of Sony and Samsung was written and submitted by user Kenny Hartman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Semantics Pragmatics Essays

Semantics Pragmatics Essays Semantics Pragmatics Essay Semantics Pragmatics Essay Essay Topic: Invisible Man SEMANTICS PRAGMATICS Analysis of Two Texts, 1500 WORD Linguistics is the science of a language. Linguists depend on the use of certain aspects in order to analyse, describe and explain a human language; these aspects include semantics and pragmatics. Semantics can be defined as the study of meaning of lexical words and expressions independently of context. Where pragmatics is the process of recognising the invisible meaning of lexical items and expressions; taking into account the speakers/ addressees intention, the status of hearer/ receiver and the actual situation. This paper will explain the process we, as humans usually follow to understand a certain text or utterance. This explanation would be achieved through the analysis of two journal articles from semantics and pragmatics perspective, taking into account a range of techniques associated with each of the two concepts including: Semantics Aspects: Synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy, prototypes, homophones and homonyms, polysemy and ambiguity. Pragmatics Aspects: Deixis and Distance, reference and inference, conversational implicature, anaphoric and cataphoric reference, presupposition, entailment, direct and indirect speech acts and speech events, cultural context and cross cultural pragmatics, conversational analysis and background knowledge, denotation and connotation meaning, the four maxims and hedges. Analysing Article One We will begin by observing the semantic and pragmatic features in article 1 being Men are sulks say surveys . This article is taken from the hot topics section of the popular msn website. The main topic of this article is a medical concept being flu/cold, where the unspecified writer of this article discusses the reaction of men, compared to women when it comes to having flu. The article also lists a number of readers comments on the subject topic. As a whole, article one is rich with lexical items that belong to the medical lexical field, such as cold, flu, Panadol, tablets, sick, suffer, diseases, chicken pox, depression, doctor, coughs, headache etc. The extensive use of these terms throughout the article was a necessity since the main topic is about a medical condition. Another lexical field was elaborated in this article being the family relationships such as mothers, fathers, husbands, wives, children etc. Antonymy or the use of two lexical items that represent the opposite meaning appear in this article such as men and women, males and females, wives and husbands, mothers and fathers, vent and defend etc. The use of these terms in this article is more likely for the purpose of comparison. Most of these antonyms are relational opposites; these opposites indicate two ends of a relationship between persons. Also there were synonymous sense relations between few lexical items in the text for example, husband and hubby, males and men, females and women. These lexical items have the same meaning, however they are not absolute synonyms because the terms males and females are more general than the terms men and women because the first set could refer to a larger group of people, being all males/females. Another non-absolute synonyms are the terms hubby and husband, where the word hubby is the more colloquial term for husband. Homonymy also occurs in this article through the use of the term food in the phrase here is a little food for thought shown in comment 1. The term food here even though it has the same phonological and written form of the term food which means the nutrients eaten by human or animals for the purpose of staying alive. However, in this context food for thought can be expressed as a positive idea or piece of information given from the writer to the reader to enhance the knowledge of the reader. In comment 2 the expression wouldn’t lift a finger has a homonymous sense relation because such expression could be interpreted literally as not lifting a finger, where in this context this expression means that the writers husband failed to help her with the housework even by doing little things. Pragmatically speaking, verbs like love in comment 1 love the way everyone gets emotive about men forms an expressive speech act because the writer or the addressee is expressing his feelings. There is also a referential relationship between some expressions, for example in comment 2 in the first phrase being â€Å"Last week, hubby came home with flu. I also had â€Å"it†. The expression â€Å"It† in this context is an example of anaphora meaning that the â€Å" It† here refers back to an already introduced entity, being the â€Å"flu† in this case. Also based on the pragmatic analysis of article 1, the lexeme sympathy which occurred in the first paragraph of the actual article to seek sympathy for their ailment from their partners has a different denotative meaning than that of the writers intention because the most direct meaning of the this lexeme is associated with the feelings and emotions of the sympathy that needs to be paid when someone passes away. Where in this context the term sympathy means the need to be looked after. Another pragmatic expression is used in comment 5 where the writer said a man that would rather chew his arms then complain, the writer used this expressions in order to convey the idea that her dad has the ability to put up with the discomfort associated with flu/cold. Analysing Article Two Article two is called â€Å"Choosing Babys Gender, it is originated from the same website as article one and most properly written by the same author, however the commentators are different. This article discusses the controversial issue of gender detection of baby’s and the selective termination. The writer then asks the question â€Å"Do you think parents should be able to choose their baby’s gender? then it lists few comments of the readers, answering that question, some agreeing and others disagreeing with the subject process. The expression turning their back in comment 2 has a pragmatic meaning in this context meaning giving up on, or rejecting something or someone. This expression has a negative connotation. Where the expression in comment 1 being I do understand where you are all coming from can pragmatically interpreted as I understand your point of view and not as the semantic meaning being I know the place where you all come from. The terms children, babies, boy, girl, child, all belong to the same semantic field of young humans. The words boy and girl form an absolute antonyms because they express absolute oppositeness; where the terms parent and child are relational opposites because its oppositeness indicates two ends of a relationship between persons. Also the gradable pairs healthy and disabled in comment 3 have an antonymous sense relationship because their oppositeness is a question of degree. The lexical items abortion and termination have a synonymous sense relationship because both terms have the same meaning; however the term abortion is the more specialised term for such process. The denotative meaning of the expression so coldly used in comment 2, is usually associated with temperature degree cold, however in this context it means â€Å"in a uncaring manner† or â€Å"not giving the subject topic the concern it deserves†. Semantically speaking the term sad in the title of comment 3 poses an ambiguity because sad could have two meanings one is distressing or heartbreaking, the second meaning is the adjective meaning upset or unhappy†. In this context, the term sad means distressing or heartbreaking. Through the analysis of the two texts, it became quite clear that they share many similarities as they both are medical articles. In terms of language use, they both include many terms of the slang English particularly, in the comments section. The use of this everyday/colloquial language in both texts contributed in making the articles more objectives and convincing to the reader. Overall both articles were rich in terms and expressions that could be analysed semantically and pragmatically; however, we observed only a number of them due the limitation of word number of this essay. On a different subject, the two articles did not tell us much about the author/s, because the writer/s of both texts were mainly providing facts and asking questions about the subject topic. However, the author of article one seem to have a humorous and sarcastic personality because of the word choice in some sentences for example mighty men. The use of this term here with its connotative meaning indicates that the writer is being sarcastic Even though article one had more terms and expressions that could be analysed from the semantic and pragmatic perspective, article two on the other hand is considered to be of a greater importance due to the issues raised in it, as the topic of â€Å"choosing baby gender and deciding on abortion† seems to be of more importance and interest than â€Å"mens reaction to flu†. REFERENCES: 1-Jackson, Howard, Words and their meaning, Longman Inc (1988),New York. 2-Grundy,Peter, Doing Pragmatics 2nd Edition (2000), London. 3-Finegan, E Blair D Collins P Language, its structure and use 4th

Physicans Assistant Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Physicans Assistant - Research Paper Example They may also prescribe certain medications. In some establishments, a PA is responsible for managerial duties, such as ordering medical supplies or equipment and supervising medical technicians and assistants (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010). A rough average suggests that the PAs work 40 hours a week (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010). This seems quite normal, but the working conditions are quite stressful for them. They have to walk, stand and do certain routines again and again, which causes a lot of fatigue. Also, their work hours span through nights, weekends and holidays, and they have to remain stand by on call at all times (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2010). This dictates personality requirements for PAs, such as emotional stability, compassion, care, sympathy, and having a big heart. They have to be good communicators and above all, they must be able to work normally around injured and ill people, while still maintaining a high degree to empathy for such people (Field, 2010). Physician assistants are highly qualified in their fields and the American Academy of Physician Assistants, Association of Physician Assistant Programs, and National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants, Inc. are the major unions in this regard. To be a certified PA, one should pass a certified examination after graduation from an accredited institute, which gives them a certification of Physician Assistant-Certified (Field, 2010). Educational degrees in this field range from associate degrees to bachelors and masters level. Many colleges offer these courses, like Gannon University, King’s College and others. Mostly these programs are around two years. Students must also go through clinical experience in a vast array of areas including family medicine, pediatrics, general surgery, inpatient and ambulatory medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, geriatrics, emergency medicine, internal medicine, and ambulatory psychiatry. Improvement prospects for physician

Law and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Law and Ethics - Essay Example This leads to prevalence in property crime in poverty stricken areas. Generally, children who are brought up in poverty have a high propensity to commit crime which is further accelerated by population factors (Siegel & Worrall, 2011). A child from a poor background is more likely to involve in criminal activities than one from a well off background. In addition, populations that are majorly composed of young generation below 25 years and jobless at the same time, results in higher crime rates than a scenario old poor generation people. Moreover, the poor face more frustrations in life and are therefore more predisposed to mental illnesses than the rich and the affluent (Siegel & Worrall, 2011). The mental stresses and instabilities may lead individuals to commit violent acts, robbery and theft. At the same time, poverty causes the youth to view education with less prestige since they feel it does not warrant access to good jobs. Most poor youths do not have a connection with mentors and role models due to perceived or actual inferior education. The feeling will facilitate their forming groups and gangs which are a leeway to crime. Homicide Before making a decision on the fate of the woman, I would solicit to know the reason for her conduct towards her husband given that she knew that the husband was drunk. The husband is considered as not being of a stable mental state in his drunkenness (Siegel & Worrall, 2011). I would also establish the woman’s true intent for loading the gun as well as how long the argument had taken to warrant application of self defense. Based on the already stated actions, I feel the woman had an aforethought to kill the husband, that is why she went up the first floor and loaded the gun. She did not show any interest to withdraw from the fight. On coming back with the loaded gun, she found her husband holding a kitchen knife. However, she is not clear on the reaction of the husband when he saw her with a gun. Her argument that h er husband wanted to stub her is a hoax, she had a criminal intent to kill even before she saw the knife. As the prosecutor I would charge the woman with a first degree criminal homicide/murder. This is because the murder had been premeditated, was deliberate and was accompanied with malice on the woman’s side. This is further strengthened by her insistence that she was only defending herself from harm by the drunken husband. Although the woman claimed to have been provoked into action by the husband, there is no evidence that she did not have tie to cool off. The Ethics the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) using Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) Forcing arrestees to provide DNA samples irrespective of the charges that have been placed on them and the possibility of conviction is unethical. This is so because the results empower the police officers to provide intimate results and evidences to the government; these have the ability to lead to investigative arrests (Siegel & Worrall, 2011). This phenomenon is opposed to the desired procedures where the juries and judges ought to be the custodians of such information. Although DNA sequencing produces reliable results, it presents ethical, legal and social shortcomings. It has raised questions on privacy matters (Siegel & Worrall, 2011). Unlike fingerprints that are used for identification only, DNA provides insight into several intimate and personal aspects of individuals such as susceptibility to some diseases, predisposed to

Module project part 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Module project part 1 - Assignment Example This is because depending on the type of business that an investor wants to introduce to a particular emerging market, there may be peculiar risks and challenges that must be taken care of to ensure guaranteed success and growth. Apart from the nature of business, the vision that the investor carries is also very important in determining risk because each vision may have its own challenges that it must seek to overcome in order to achieve success. In line with this understanding, this module paper is prepared for the company, which is currently seeking to enter Mexico as an emerging market. As part of ways of benefiting fully from the market, a comprehensive vision statement, description of the target market and risk and their mitigations shall be outlined. Vision Statement The vision statement of the company is to become a company whose success is build on an enablement created for the customer to do business with us by ensuring quality and price competitiveness. Description of Mexi co as an Emerging Market Political Factors Politically, Mexico has been found to possess very low foreign debt, which makes it possible for the government to have a very huge budget reserve that is used in the financing of various businesses, especially foreign direct investment (Rutherford, 2005). Due to this, the government has for long practiced macroeconomic policies that focus on bringing about industry wide economic leverage, instead of organizational level leverage. As part of such macroeconomic policies, investors in Mexico benefit from lower tax rates, easy access to government assisted loans, low inflation, and sufficient state protection for legally registered businesses. These political factors have made most multinational companies whose focus has been on short term expansion to look to Mexico, knowing that the political ground has been laid for business to take place in a more welcoming atmosphere (Morris and Pavett, 2002). Economic Factors Economically, Mexico has bee n given a country rating of A4 by global Edge, which is a company rating firm that seeks to compare countries one to other in terms of viability in doing business in these countries (Davidson and Burke, 2004). A major economic advantage that Mexico has been identified to have is the fact that it has a ready market with the United States, which is responsible for 80% of all exports from Mexico (Schuler, 2006). For business owners who are in the manufacturing sector like the company in question, the benefit is that exportation of finished products will not pose much of a problem for the company. Mexico has however been criticized for having a weaker exchange rate, that makes importation expensive in that country. Acquisition of raw material has therefore being a problem for most manufacturers (Hall, 2006). Social Factors Socially, Mexico’s population has been described as commercially informed (Rutherford, 2005). What this means is that the population understands the basic rudi ments in conducting business and get themselves actively involved in the business market. The major factor that accounts for this is the high literacy level in the country with the aim of the government in achieving 100% enrolment with a universal compulsory education scheme. Because most of the people are

How Pizza Hut Expand Their ICT Technology Information Technology Essay

How Pizza Hut Expand Their ICT Technology Information Technology Essay Thorough research of their ict system on store level rather than doing it on higher level to get in touch with customers and staff need, because the main reason for keep improving their systems is to get more customers and to get more sales. There are still some flaws in their system. Problems that needs sorting System doesnt update automatically if it does it takes really long time. Keep changing the functions of their systems every two months. Not enough training for staff. Conclusion Pizza hut has seen many changes, good and bad during its duration of the business. But they knew as long as their marketing is up to certain standard they will pull through with every challenge they face in marketing, they have an opportunity to improve their marketing style with the help of Ict. There is still a question mark over the technology that pizza hut uses. A time will come when they have think about changing their strategy and how they view their ict development. In order to keep up with todays environment. Objectives To find out how pizza hut, expand their ict technology in marketing and how it help them topple their competitors The purpose of this paper is to explore the role that ICT use in marketing plays in the processes of product innovation, as an element that strengthens the cooperation and communication among agents within the innovation project, reducing the difficulties to innovation and enhancing the development of differentiated products. Findings Two ideas stand out from the critical analysis of ict use in marketing. First, Intensive ICT use in marketing makes the company more innovative, as it shows that its usage breaks down difficulty to innovation and speeds up processes that in turn become more efficient. Second, Increasing ICT use in marketing encourages company tendency to act as a team with and join together particular agents within the business environment in the development of the innovation process, improving the amount of adaptation of the new product to market demands. BACKGROUND Pizza Hut was founded in 1958 by brothers Dan and Frank Carney in their hometown of Kansas. By 1972, with 314 stores nationwide, Pizza Hut went public on the New York Stock Exchange. In 1978, Pizza Hut was acquired by PepsiCo, who later also bought KFC and Taco Bell. In 1997, the three restaurant chains were spun off into Tricon, and in 2001 joined with Long John Silvers and AW Restaurants to become Yum! Brands INTRODUCTION With annual sales of more than  £300 million, selling pizza and pasta is big business for Pizza Hut. With customers facing an ever-increasing choice of restaurants, all offering a variety of foods and competitively priced meals, Pizza Hut must remain flexible and customer focused to retain its market leading position. New product developments and continued growth of its 600 outlets are just two ways in which the company stays ahead. Pizza Hut also recognises the importance of IT to support the Business and invests in technology both to support its operations and to provide management information.   Benefits of ICT With the new system in place, Pizza Huts goal of improving the overall effectiveness of its crew has been achieved. Customers are now served more quickly than before; especially during peak times such as lunch when they have only limited time available. Pizza Hut can currently provide its main food servers with a mobile computer, while other personnel carry out supporting tasks, such as preparing drinks and serving dishes. Food servers with a PDA are now able to be much closer to customers and be of assistance when needed, keeping customers happy and satisfied. ICT SUPPORT COMPANY FOR PIZZA HUT   Since 1992 Pizza Hut has relied upon Sopra Group to provide daily support and strategic management services for their key financial and operational systems. By outsourcing the support and management of their main IT systems, Pizza Hut has noted definite signs of cost saving. Pizza Hut has renewed agreement on several occasions to get services from them due to the specialist skills and value for money provided. Since taking responsibility for Pizza Huts IT operations, Sopra Group also combined day to day systems support with development of new applications and strategic .consultancy. The Sopra Group provide technical and business skills to develop Pizza Huts Data Warehouse. The Data Warehouse holds details of food sales throughout the outlets and enables the restaurant chains business managers to analyse customer demands and preference to target special promotions and offers. ICT Managers remarks With Sopra Group we have access to a much wider technical knowledge base. We have the reassurance that for detailed and complex questions and programming requirements, we can call Sopra Group, freeing us to focus on the business. With their technical know-how and experience of managing our systems, we have confidence that the consultants can handle such a complex project. What does company cover? Sopras department doesnt just cover the head office its responsible for all the systems across all the restaurants too. From carrying out PC support, they are also covers all sorts of IT projects from setting up through to delivery. This might include looking at the processes surrounding bank reconciliations, maintaining pizza huts infrastructure or developing the company intranet as a business device, SYSTEMS THEY USE MICROS/EPSON PA962 PDA   TOUCH SCREEN MONITORS DNA/ONLINE ORDERING Before implementing its new wireless system, order-taking was rather time consuming and could lead to mistakes such as incorrect orders being served to customers. The food servers used to take handwritten orders while often also preparing and serving drinks at the customers table. Only after serving the table was food server able to deliver the handwritten order to the kitchen. And because these orders were often quickly written down, this could result in an order being wrongly made by the kitchen staff. In order for taking hand written order it was taking up more time was the fact that the cashier was required to key the orders into the system when customers were checking out. This procedure could also result in wrong items being entered, potentially resulting in a loss of business or a poor level of customer satisfaction. The new solution made it possible to take orders at the table using Unitechs PA962 wireless terminal. With the use of wireless communication, orders are sent from the PA962 via an intermediate server to the POS systems, as well as to the different work stations such as bar and kitchen for preparing appetizers and main courses. Each work station has its own network printer for printing the assigned order.   As everyone knows pizza hut is leading with continuous menu innovation and different type of pizzas. The system pizza hut was using since 1980 was showing was showing sign of age especially in its ability to do in store work properly and helping management decision making, thats why they had to change it to bring It up to date. To get an advantage over their rivals, they approached quite a lot of system providers with 6 short listed to provide them the system they can be comfortable with. At the end they decided to go for micros Fidelio. But there were some aspect that they had to change in order to fulfil that agreement they had with pizza hut. By 2005 all pizza hut delivery stores were using micros as their system and all the new restaurants. DNA/ONLINE ORDERING DNA is currently used to service 370 Pizza Hut restaurants across the UK. By utilizing DNAs report functions, the Pizza Hut marketing team has access to management information, which is also shared with other departments such as marketing and business development. Intranet Intranet is a secure way of communication between the head office and store level rather than compromising their security by using internet. Pizza hut intranet is very useful where you can find all the standards, contact details, new developments on marketing and plans for future. All the training of the pizza hut is on intranet rather then sending it by post they just post it on intranet so everyone can benefit from it. IMPORTANCE OF ICT IN MARKETING   As the growing demands of business and furious competition between competitors heats up everyone is trying to get an edge to persuade customers that they are value for money. In that kind of scenario ict plays a major role, because everyones busy in their life thats why fast food business is booming in recession as well. Customers dont want to spend really long on phones whilst the order takers take really long to process their order. Thats why an up to date and fast system requires satisfying customers need. ONE STOP FOR ALL Here are some examples that how pizzas hut is using their system to their full advantage. Scheduling/forecasting Determine peak and off peak season Balanced score card Leaflet distribution Performance management Product forecasting

Advertisement for Ghost Creek Golf Course :: Advertising Marketing

Ghost Creek, A Great Place to Play The July 4, 1998 issue of Golfweek magazine contains an advertisement about a well-known golf course in Cornelius, Oregon. The golf course is called Ghost Creek and the owners’ claim of policy is that they want people to come and play their golf course. The owners’ use a beautiful picture of the course to entice the reader to come and play the golf course. The advertisement uses claims of both fact and value, to further the claim of policy as well as offering supports and warrants to give credibility to the claim of policy. To further Ghost Creek’s claim of policy in the advertisement, the owners offer many claims of fact. One claim of fact that is offered by the advertisement is that the magazine, Golf Digest, chose Ghost Creek to be the best new public golf course for the year, 1992. Likewise, another credible golf magazine, Golf Magazine, ranked Ghost Creek 13th out of the top 100 one can play for the year, 1998. Furthermore, many very prestigious golf tournaments have been played on Ghost Creek, including the Nike Tour Championship in 1993 and 1994 and also the 1996 United States Amateur Championship, which was won by the great Tiger Woods. These claims of fact, as one can, see are used to further Ghost Creek’s claim of policy, which is to come and play a great championship golf course. Once more to further Ghost Creek’s claim of policy in the advertisement, the owners offer not only claims of fact, but also many claims of value. One claim of value Ghost Creek offers is just the sheer beauty of the golf course, as seen in the picture of the advertisement. This claim of value lets the reader feel as if he or she is there in real life. Another claim of value the golf course offers is that Tiger Woods has played and won a major tournament there, the 1996 U.S. Amateur Championship. This claim of value provides the reader with knowledge that one of the great pros in the game today has played there. Many readers would want to come and play a golf course where one of the best has played and won. Other claims of value that the advertisement entails are how relaxing, still, and quiet it is at Ghost Creek.